13,251 research outputs found
On the interpretation of lateral manganin gauge stress measurements in polymers
Encapsulated wire-element stress gauges enable changes in lateral stress during
shock loading to be directly monitored. However, there is substantial debate
with regards to interpretation of observed changes in stress behind the shock
front; a phenomenon attributed both to changes in material strength and shock-
dispersion within the gauge-encapsulation. Here, a pair of novel techniques
which both modify or remove the embedding medium where such stress gauges are
placed within target materials have been used to try and inform this debate. The
behavior of three polymeric materials of differing complexity was considered,
namely polystyrene, the commercially important resin transfer moulding RTM 6
resin and a commercially available fat lard. Comparison to the response of
embedded gauges has suggested a possible slight decrease in the absolute
magnitude of stress. However, changing the encapsulation has no detectable
effect on the gradient behind the shock in such polymeric systems
Epeoloides pilosulus (Cresson) Rediscovered in Michigan, with Notes on the Distribution and Status of its Macropis hosts.
Epeoloides pilosulus (Cresson 1878) is one of the rarest bees in North America with only a handful of records since 1960. The last collection in Michigan was made in 1944. Epeoloides pilosulus is a brood parasite of Macropis bees, which until recently had not been collected in Michigan for several decades. Bee surveys in Midland County, Michigan have led to the rediscovery of E. pilosulus in this state – the first record in 74 years. Michigan becomes the fourth state where E. pilosulus has been rediscovered after Connecticut in 2006, New York in 2014 and Maine in 2016, and the sixth region in North America after Nova Scotia in 2002 and Alberta in 2010. State-wide bee surveys have also shown that the principal host, Macropis nuda (Provancher 1882), remains widespread in Michigan, and that Macropis patellata Patton 1880 is newly recorded for the state
Engaging Students Engaging Industry Engaging Enterprise
A reflective piece on how a small team of students and academics gained more awareness of their own sense of enterprise and creativity. The case study examines the phases and crisis points of the whole event process and identifies some of the key learning outcomes for all involved
Great Bay Nitrogen Non-Point Source Study
The Great Bay Estuary is 21 square miles of tidal waters located in southeastern New Hampshire. It is one of 28 “estuaries of national significance” established under the Environmental Protection Agency’s National Estuary Program. The estuary is experiencing the signs of eutrophication, specifically, low dissolved oxygen, macroalgae blooms, and declining eelgrass habitat (DES, 2012).
Sixty-eight percent of the nitrogen that ends up in the Great Bay Estuary originates from sources spread across the watershed; the remainder derives from direct discharges of municipal wastewater treatment facilities (DES, 2010; PREP, 2013). In this report, these sources of nitrogen are called non-point sources and consist of atmospheric deposition, fertilizers, human waste disposed into septic systems, and animal waste. The purpose of this study is to determine how much nitrogen each non-point source type contributes to the estuary. The nitrogen loads from municipal wastewater treatment facilities have been reported elsewhere (DES, 2010; PREP, 2012; PREP, 2013) and, therefore, are not included in this study except to provide context.
The intended use of this study is for planning purposes, and is not meant for regulatory allocations or specific reduction requirements. The results of the model may be useful for towns or watershed groups for prioritizing nitrogen reduction efforts or as a starting point for more detailed studies of non-point sources. However, more detailed inventories of non-point sources will be needed to track the effects of nitrogen reduction efforts in smaller areas. In addition, the model makes no conclusions about the benefits of nitrogen reductions to receiving waters or overall estuarine health
2-D and 3-D Radiation Transfer Models of High-Mass Star Formation
2-D and 3-D radiation transfer models of forming stars generally produce
bluer 1-10 micron colors than 1-D models of the same evolutionary state and
envelope mass. Therefore, 1-D models of the shortwave radiation will generally
estimate a lower envelope mass and later evolutionary state than
multidimensional models. 1-D models are probably reasonable for very young
sources, or longwave analysis (wavelengths > 100 microns). In our 3-D models of
high-mass stars in clumpy molecular clouds, we find no correlation between the
depth of the 10 micron silicate feature and the longwave (> 100 micron) SED
(which sets the envelope mass), even when the average optical extinction of the
envelope is >100 magnitudes. This is in agreement with the observations of
Faison et al. (1998) of several UltraCompact HII (UCHII) regions, suggesting
that many of these sources are more evolved than embedded protostars.
We have calculated a large grid of 2-D models and find substantial overlap
between different evolutionary states in the mid-IR color-color diagrams. We
have developed a model fitter to work in conjunction with the grid to analyze
large datasets. This grid and fitter will be expanded and tested in 2005 and
released to the public in 2006.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, to appear in the proceedings of IAU Symp 227,
Massive Star Birth: A Crossroads of Astrophysics, (Cesaroni R., Churchwell
E., Felli M., Walmsley C. editors
History of advertising by accountants
The accounting profession has changed to meet the requirements of business, government and other economic influences. In particular, standards of practice and principles to guide the selection of choices have been developed, modified, restated and fine-tuned over the past 70 to 80 years in response to the needs of an expanding American economy. Accountants wanted to be a profession, and advertising was believed to be unethical. This belief has also changed, and accountants have come full circle in the matter of advertising
- …